diff --git a/test/feed_reader/rdf_test.exs b/test/feed_reader/rdf_test.exs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..17f3d44
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/feed_reader/rdf_test.exs
@@ -0,0 +1,126 @@
+defmodule FeedReader.RDFTest do
+  use ExUnit.Case, async: true
+
+  alias FeedReader.{Feed, Formats.RDF, Item}
+
+  @xml """
+  <rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">
+    <channel><title xml:lang="en"> Example </title><description>News</description><link>https://example.com/</link><dc:subject>Tech</dc:subject><dc:subject>Tech</dc:subject></channel>
+    <item><title>&lt;b&gt;First&lt;/b&gt;</title><link>/first</link><description>Summary</description><dc:creator>Writer</dc:creator><dc:date>2025-03-06T14:00:00+00:00</dc:date></item>
+    <item><title>Title only</title></item>
+  </rdf:RDF>
+  """
+
+  test "implements the format contract and emits feed before normalized RDF items" do
+    assert RDF.id() == :rdf
+    assert RDF.matches_prefix?("<rdf:RDF>")
+    assert RDF.handler() == FeedReader.Formats.RDF.Handler
+    sink = fn event -> send(self(), event) end
+    assert {:ok, _} = parse(@xml, sink)
+
+    assert_receive {:feed,
+                    %Feed{title: "Example", description: "News", type: :rdf, categories: ["Tech"]}}
+
+    assert_receive {:item,
+                    %Item{
+                      title: "First",
+                      uuid: "https://example.com/first",
+                      canonical_url: "https://example.com/first",
+                      content_summary: "Summary",
+                      author: "Writer",
+                      published_at: ~U[2025-03-06 14:00:00Z]
+                    }}
+
+    assert_receive {:item, %Item{title: "Title only", content_full: nil, content_summary: nil}}
+  end
+
+  test "enforces shared SAX limits and reports malformed XML" do
+    sink = fn _event -> :ok end
+
+    assert {:ok, %{error: {:resource_limit, :max_item_bytes, 1}}} =
+             parse(@xml, sink, max_item_bytes: 1)
+
+    assert {:ok, %{error: {:resource_limit, :max_item_bytes, 10}}} =
+             parse("<rdf:RDF><channel/><item><title>First</title></item></rdf:RDF>", sink,
+               max_item_bytes: 10
+             )
+
+    assert {:ok, %{error: {:resource_limit, :max_item_bytes, 4}}} =
+             parse("<rdf:RDF><channel/><item/></rdf:RDF>", sink, max_item_bytes: 4)
+
+    assert {:ok, %{error: {:resource_limit, :max_feed_metadata_bytes, 1}}} =
+             parse(@xml, sink, max_feed_metadata_bytes: 1)
+
+    assert {:error, _reason} = parse("<rdf:RDF>", sink)
+  end
+
+  test "emits fallback metadata before the first item when a channel is absent" do
+    sink = fn event -> send(self(), event) end
+
+    assert {:ok, _} = parse("<rdf:RDF><item><title>Orphan</title></item></rdf:RDF>", sink)
+    assert_receive {:feed, %Feed{title: nil, type: :rdf}}
+    assert_receive {:item, %Item{title: "Orphan"}}
+  end
+
+  test "normalizes feed title fallbacks and non-map channel data" do
+    assert %Feed{
+             title: "Description fallback",
+             description: "Description fallback",
+             feed_url: "https://example.com/feed.rdf",
+             html_url: "https://example.com/",
+             categories: []
+           } =
+             RDF.normalize_feed(
+               %{
+                 channel: %{
+                   "description" => "Description fallback",
+                   "link" => "https://example.com/"
+                 }
+               },
+               feed_url: "https://example.com/feed.rdf"
+             )
+
+    assert %Feed{title: "https://example.com/", html_url: "https://example.com/"} =
+             RDF.normalize_feed(%{channel: %{"link" => "https://example.com/"}}, [])
+
+    assert %Feed{title: nil, categories: []} = RDF.normalize_feed(%{channel: nil}, [])
+  end
+
+  test "normalizes blank titles, invalid dates, and empty language input" do
+    before = DateTime.utc_now(:second)
+
+    assert {:ok,
+            %Item{title: nil, content_summary: nil, published_at: published_at, language: :en}} =
+             RDF.normalize_item(%{"title" => "  ", "dc:date" => "not a date"}, %Feed{}, [])
+
+    assert DateTime.compare(published_at, before) in [:eq, :gt]
+  end
+
+  test "stops on SAX accounting errors and rejects orphan events" do
+    handler = RDF.handler()
+    sink = fn _event -> :ok end
+    limited = RDF.new_parser_state(sink, max_xml_events: 0)
+
+    assert {:stop, %{error: {:resource_limit, :max_xml_events, 0}}} =
+             handler.handle_event(:start_element, {"root", []}, limited)
+
+    assert {:stop, %{error: {:resource_limit, :max_xml_events, 0}}} =
+             handler.handle_event(:start_document, [], limited)
+
+    state = RDF.new_parser_state(sink, [])
+
+    assert {:stop, %{error: :invalid_sax_event}} =
+             handler.handle_event(:characters, "text", state)
+
+    assert {:stop, %{error: :invalid_sax_event}} =
+             handler.handle_event(:end_element, "item", state)
+
+    state = %{state | limits: %{state.limits | depth: 1}}
+
+    assert {:stop, %{error: :invalid_sax_event}} =
+             handler.handle_event(:end_element, "item", state)
+  end
+
+  defp parse(xml, sink, opts \\ []),
+    do: Saxy.parse_string(xml, RDF.handler(), RDF.new_parser_state(sink, opts))
+end